Special education

Special Education

Special education is purposeful intervention designed to prevent, eliminate, and/or overcome the obstacles that might keep an individual with disabilities from learning and from full and active participation in school and society. It is important for parents to understand how special education is different than general education.

  • Special education is usually differentiated from general education by its curriculum that is, by what is taught.Individual Education Plan (IEP) is designed for every student with disabilities to cater his needs.
  • The multidisciplinary team consisting of developmental paediatrician, psychologist, special educator, general education teacher, speech and language pathologist, occupational therapist, physiotherapist, social worker and parents work with students with disabilities.
  • Special education can also be differentiated from general education by its use of specialized, or adapted,materials and methods.
  • Special education can sometimes be identified by where it takes place. Some of the students with disabilities receive most of their education in regular classrooms, the others are someplace else mostly in separate classrooms and separate residential and day schools. And many of those in regular classrooms spend a portion of each day in a resource room, where they receive individualized instruction.
Special education

Special Education as Intervention

There are three basic types of intervention: preventive, remedial, and compensatory

  • Preventive Intervention: Preventive intervention is designed to keep potential or minor problems from becoming a disability. Preventive intervention includes actions that stop an event from happening and those that reduce a problem or condition that has already been identified.
  • Remedial Intervention: Remedial education (also known as developmental education, basic skills education, compensatory education, preparatory education, and academic upgrading) is assigned to assist students in order to achieve expected competencies in core academic skills such as literacy and numeracy. Remediation attempts to reduce and/or eliminate specific effects of a disability. The purpose of remediation is to teach the person with disabilities skills for independent and successful functioning.
    In school, these skills may be language skills, motor skills, academic skills (reading, writing, computing), social and emotional skills (getting along with others; following instructions, schedules, and other daily routines), self- help skills(eating, dressing, using the toilet without assistance), and/or pre- vocational and vocational skills(career and job skills to prepare secondary students for the world of work). The underlying assumption of remedial intervention is that a person with disabilities needs special instruction to succeed in typical settings.
  • Compensatory Intervention: Compensatory interventions involve teaching special skills or the use of devices (calculator, communication book) that enable successful functioning. This third type of intervention involves teaching a substitute (i.e., compensatory) skill that enables a person to perform a task in spite of the disability.

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